Gynaecological cancers are cancers that begin in a woman’s reproductive organs. These include the cervix, ovaries, uterus (womb), vagina, and vulva. Like many other cancers, early detection greatly increases the chances of successful treatment.

Types of Gynaecological Cancers

1. Cervical Cancer:
   Develops in the cervix, often caused by persistent infection with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). It can often be prevented with regular Pap smears and the HPV vaccine.
2. Ovarian Cancer:
   Starts in the ovaries and is often called the “silent killer” because it may not show symptoms in early stages. Common signs include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, or feeling full quickly.
3. Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer:
   Begins in the lining of the uterus. It is most common in women after menopause. The most common symptom is abnormal vaginal bleeding.
4. Vaginal and Vulvar Cancer:
   Less common, but still important to be aware of. Look out for itching, pain, lumps, or sores in the vaginal or vulvar area.

Signs & Symptoms to Watch For

• Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge
• Pain during intercourse
• Pelvic or abdominal pain
• Frequent bloating
• Unexplained weight loss
• Itching or sores in the vaginal/vulvar area

If you notice any of these symptoms, especially if they are persistent, talk to your doctor without delay.

What You Can Do

• Get regular screenings (such as Pap tests and pelvic exams)
• Take the HPV vaccine if eligible
• Be aware of family history of cancer
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle — exercise, eat a balanced diet, avoid tobacco
• Report any unusual symptoms early

When to See a Doctor

Don't ignore small signs. Many gynaecological cancers can be treated effectively if caught early. If you are over 30, postmenopausal, or have a family history of cancer, regular check-ups are crucial.

Protect Yourself with Knowledge

Being informed is your first step toward staying healthy. Gynaecological cancers are serious, but you can reduce your risk with awareness, screening, and preventive care.

Your health is in your hands — take charge today.