Patients of liver cirrhosis with end stage liver failure require a liver transplant. The other condition requiring a liver transplant include acute or fulminant liver failure and liver cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma).

Liver transplant involves replacement of a patient's diseased liver by a new liver which is derived either from a brain-dead but heart-beating donor (i.e., a cadaver – Cadaveric or Deceased-Donor Liver Transplant or DDLT) or from a living donor (Living Donor Liver Transplant or LDLT). Liver from a cadaver is a complete liver, while that from the living donor is a half or hemiliver. Liver is a unique organ in the human body as it has a special capacity of regeneration.

It has been seen that even 70% of a liver can be safely removed without any long-term consequences because of this regenerative capacity. The remaining liver rapidly grows and restores full functional capacity needed for normal functioning. Due to this unique property, a part of the healthy liver can be safely removed from a voluntary donor and used to replace a diseased liver in a patient, without causing harm to either the donor or the patient. The remaining half of the liver in both donor and recipient grows back to achieve full functional recovery within 3–4 weeks.

Fortis is among the very few hospitals offering Small Incision Donor Hepatectomy (SIDH) for donors. SIDH minimizes time for recovery and significantly reduces complications related to surgical wounds and scarring by using a smaller and more cosmetically acceptable scar compared to conventional incisions used at other centers. In the pursuit of improving donor safety and outcomes, the department also envisions introducing laparoscopy and robotic-assisted donor hepatectomy.